At what age is surgical correction recommended for umbilical hernias if they persist?

Surgical correction for umbilical hernias is typically recommended if the hernia persists beyond a certain age, as the risk of complications and concerns about cosmetic appearance increase. For most guidelines, if an umbilical hernia has not closed by the age of 4 years, surgical intervention is advised. Most umbilical hernias in infants and young children tend to resolve spontaneously by that age. However, if the hernia persists beyond this time, it is more likely to require surgical correction to prevent potential complications such as incarceration or strangulation, as well as to ensure proper abdominal wall function and aesthetics. The indication for surgery at 4 years serves as a key milestone for pediatric care regarding umbilical hernias.