What characterizes a third degree burn?

A third-degree burn, also known as a full-thickness burn, is characterized by damage that extends through both the epidermis and dermis and reaches the underlying tissue, encompassing a complete destruction of the skin layers. This type of burn is typically dry and leathery in appearance due to the loss of moisture and skin elasticity.

Because the nerve endings in the dermis are also destroyed, third-degree burns may not be painful in the burned area itself, although surrounding areas may be sensitive or painful. The absence of capillary refill is significant, as it indicates that circulation to the area is compromised, which is a common trait of deeper burns.

Healing for third-degree burns is complex and does not occur spontaneously in a few days. Instead, these burns usually require extensive medical treatment, such as surgical intervention, skin grafting, and longer recovery periods. Therefore, the unique characteristics of a third-degree burn include its dry texture, lack of sensation in the burned area, and the need for medical treatment rather than healing on its own.