What is the most commonly fractured carpal bone?

The scaphoid is the most commonly fractured carpal bone, primarily due to its location and role in the wrist's anatomy and mechanics. It is situated near the base of the thumb and is often involved in injuries sustained from falls on an outstretched hand, which is a common mechanism of injury.

When a person falls and lands on their palm, the impact can lead to a fracture of the scaphoid, especially because it serves as a critical link in the wrist, assisting with the transfer of forces from the hand to the forearm. Its unique position places it at risk during such injuries compared to other carpal bones, which are not as frequently affected.

Additionally, scaphoid fractures can sometimes go undetected on initial X-rays due to the bone's shape and overlap of surrounding structures. If not diagnosed and treated appropriately, scaphoid fractures can lead to complications such as nonunion or avascular necrosis owing to its limited blood supply. Understanding this commonality in fractures underscores the importance of thorough assessment and imaging in cases of wrist injuries.