What laboratory tests are included in the initial evaluation of a pregnant patient?

The inclusion of blood type, Rh status, and urinalysis in the initial evaluation of a pregnant patient is crucial for several reasons. First, determining blood type and Rh status helps identify potential Rh incompatibility, which can lead to hemolytic disease of the newborn if an Rh-negative mother carries an Rh-positive fetus. This knowledge allows for appropriate management, such as administering Rh immunoglobulin if necessary.

Urinalysis is equally important as it screens for conditions such as urinary tract infections and helps assess the renal function of the patient. It can also detect the presence of protein or glucose, which could indicate gestational hypertension or diabetes, respectively.

In contrast, other choices include tests that are not standard in the initial evaluation of pregnancy. For example, blood glucose and CBC alone do not provide a comprehensive assessment of the patient’s health or the pregnancy status. Glycosylated hemoglobin and testosterone levels are unrelated to the assessment of a healthy pregnancy. Similarly, both cholesterol panels and complete metabolic panels serve specific purposes but are not typically included in the initial workup for all pregnant patients.

The correct answer prioritizes tests that establish a foundational understanding of the patient’s blood compatibility and kidney health, both essential for ensuring a healthy pregnancy.