Which factor is a risk for developing ectopic pregnancy?

Previous abdominal surgery is a recognized risk factor for developing ectopic pregnancy. The likelihood of ectopic pregnancy increases because surgical interventions can lead to scarring and adhesions within the pelvic cavity. These changes can disrupt the normal pathway of the fallopian tubes, making it easier for a fertilized egg to implant outside of the uterus. This risk is particularly relevant in cases involving surgeries that involve the reproductive organs, such as tubal ligation or treatment for pelvic inflammatory disease.

In contrast, an uncomplicated pregnancy does not inherently increase the risk of ectopic pregnancy, as ectopic pregnancies are typically associated with pre-existing conditions or risk factors rather than the presence of a straightforward, healthy pregnancy. A low body mass index (BMI) has not been established as a significant risk factor for ectopic pregnancy; rather, obesity is more often associated with increased risks in reproductive health. Age over 30 can influence reproductive risks generally, but it is not as specifically correlated to ectopic pregnancy as previous abdominal surgery is.