Which group of medications is often used short-term to alleviate anxiety in specific phobias?

Benzodiazepines are commonly used for the short-term relief of anxiety, including in cases of specific phobias. These medications work by enhancing the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABA-A receptor, leading to a calming effect on the central nervous system. This rapid onset of action makes benzodiazepines particularly effective for acute anxiety episodes, which can occur during exposure to phobic stimuli.

In the context of specific phobias, such as fear of flying or speaking in public, individuals may experience intense anxiety or panic when faced with the phobic situation. Benzodiazepines can help manage this acute anxiety, allowing the person to better cope with the immediate situation. However, they are not intended for long-term treatment due to the risk of dependence and withdrawal symptoms, making their role primarily in short-term management.

While SSRIs, TCAs, and MAOIs are also used in the treatment of anxiety disorders, they are typically recommended for long-term management rather than for immediate relief of symptoms. SSRIs, for instance, are often the first-line treatment for generalized anxiety disorder and other anxiety-related conditions due to their efficacy in reducing overall anxiety levels over time. However, they