Which hypnotics work by binding to the benzodiazepine receptor BZ1?

The correct answer identifies Zolpidem (Ambien) and Eszopiclone (Lunesta) as hypnotics that specifically bind to the benzodiazepine receptor BZ1. This receptor plays a crucial role in regulating sleep and has a significant effect on sedation. Zolpidem, which is primarily a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic, acts predominantly on the BZ1 receptor, providing a sedative effect with a relatively short half-life, which is ideal for inducing sleep without significant residual sedation the following day.

Eszopiclone also binds selectively to the BZ1 receptor, and it is FDA-approved for long-term use, making it unique among sleep medications. By targeting the BZ1 receptor, these medications enhance the effects of GABA, the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, facilitating sleep and reducing the time it takes to fall asleep.

Other options presented involve medications that do not specifically target the BZ1 receptor as their primary action mechanism. For instance, buspirone and clonazepam do not selectively bind to BZ1; rather, clonazepam is a benzodiazepine that acts on both BZ1 and BZ2 receptors, while buspirone works primarily